What is arthroplasty? The definition of arthroplasty is surgical joint replacement. During the procedure, a damaged joint is removed and replaced it with an artificial joint. The artificial joint (prosthesis) can be metal, ceramic or heavy-duty plastic. The new joint looks like the natural joint and moves in a similar way. Surgeons can replace joints in any part of your body, but the most common types of arthroplasty are hip and knee replacement. Most people who get this procedure need a total joint replacement. A small number of people are good candidates for a partial joint replacement. This procedure only replaces the part of the joint that is damaged. Recovery time for arthroplasty varies. It depends on your age and lifestyle, the type of procedure and the joint you have replaced. Who needs arthroplasty (joint replacement)? Your surgeon may recommend arthroplasty if you have: ⦁ Joint pain ⦁ Joint stiffness and limited mobility ⦁ Swelling These symptoms can result from several conditions, including: ⦁ Osteoarthritis ⦁ Rheumatoid arthritis ⦁ Fractures ⦁ Hip dysplasia ⦁ Avascular necrosis What joints do orthopedic surgeons replace? Most often, surgeons replace the hip joint, knee joint or shoulder joint. These procedures are called: ⦁ Total hip arthroplasty, ⦁ Total knee arthroplasty ⦁ And shoulder arthroplasty. What happens before arthroplasty (joint replacement)? Patient is first prepared for the procedure. This include physical therapy, exercise or a diet program for patient to follow in the weeks before surgery. These programs can ensure that patient is healthy for the operation. Before arthroplasty, several tests are performed to evaluate your overall health such as blood work, ECG and a chest X-ray. Patient’s past medical and drug history is important because certain medications which may need to stop (such as blood thinners) before surgery. Patient is advised what time to stop eating and drinking the night before procedure. What happens during arthroplasty? Your surgeon makes incisions (cuts) and removes the damaged joint. Then they replace it with an artificial joint. They use stitches, staples or surgical glue to close the incisions. Your provider wraps the joint in a bandage. You may also need a brace or sling. What happens after arthroplasty? Depending on the type of procedure you have, you may go home the day of surgery, or you may need to stay in the hospital for a day or two which you will guided about the recovery. After surgery, you will feel some pain. The first few days after your procedure, you should: ⦁ Avoid physical activity. ⦁ Perform your physical therapy and home exercise program as prescribed. It is important to follow your provider’s instructions. ⦁ Keep your incisions clean and covered. ⦁ Take pain medication. What are the advantages of arthroplasty (joint replacement)? Joint replacement procedures can help you move without pain and stiffness. After a joint replacement, many people can take part in activities they once enjoyed. These surgeries greatly improve quality of life and overall health by allowing people to have an active lifestyle. What are the risks or complications of arthroplasty? As with any surgery, there is a risk of complications from arthroplasty. The risks include: ⦁ Blood clots ⦁ Infection. ⦁ Injury or damage to nerves around the replaced joint. ⦁ Joint stiffness
